Socrates Essays (385 words) - Socratic Dialogues, Socrates

Socrates 2.a) Why does the Athenian jury convict Socrates, and why does Socrates maintain his innocence? b) Do you think it was right for Socrates to accept his punishment of death without fleeing, even though he thought he was innocent? The Athenian jury convicts Socrates of corrupting the youth. They feel that Socrates has stopped the youth from thinking for themselves. This is going against the laws of the city. Socrates maintains his innocence for many reasons. One reason is Socrates did not see death as a bad thing. He realized that he would die someday anyway, so he did not fear it. He also believes that the people that sentenced him are going to suffer the most from his death, as well as the town and students. Socrates feels that no one will make these people self-reflect. Another reason Socrates maintained his innocence is because it made his teaching more valuable. By him dying for what he believes in shows to the city and to his students that he believes in his own Patragas 2 teachings making them also believe in his teachings. Socrates felt that it was shameful to do wrong. By him admitting he was wrong then he was admitting that his teachings were wrong. This would destroy his quest to be the wisest man. I believe that Socrates did the right thing by accepting his punishment and not fleeing. If he would have ran away he would have been admitting to his students and to the city that he was wrong and that is why he is running. I feel that by accepting his fate, he is getting his teachings across in a much stronger way. Socrates does not fear death, so I feel that he is not being punished. After his death he will be regarded as one of the wisest men to ever live. This was his quest to begin with. His students and the town's people will relish his teachings because he is showing how much he believes in himself, which results in others believing in him also. I feel that because Socrates was arrested for corrupting the youth he was presented with an opportunity to solidify his teachings. By accepting death as punishment, Socrates is proving that his teachings are true and he believes in them. Philosophy

How to Write a Dissertation in Healthcare Complete Guide

How to Write a Dissertation in Healthcare Complete Guide Healthcare is a big and complex industry where people work to help other people get healthy. This rapidly growing field can be a great option for a career if you find technology fascinating, have a passion for science or just want to help people. Many careers in healthcare require a doctoral degree so if you want to pursue one of them, you will need to write a dissertation in healthcare. A dissertation is a complex piece of writing and many students find it daunting so to help you get started, we created this easy step-by-step guide on how to write a dissertation in healthcare. Keep reading to learn how to choose a good topic, formulate an interesting research question, and write different parts of this lengthy paper. If you need help with other college assignments, we can offer you explore other full guides to all writing assignments out there. Now let’s start with discussing how to select a great topic. How to Choose an Interesting Topic for Your Dissertation in HealthCare Choosing a topic for research is one of the most important aspects of the dissertation process. It’s critical to select a topic you are passionate about because you will be immersed in it for at least a few years. That’s why you should start a brainstorming process as early as possible and consider different perspectives on the problems of healthcare. For example, if you want to pursue a career in healthcare administration field, you should decide which aspects may interest you as a working professional. If you are concerned about the quality of patients care, you can write about robot-assisted surgery, infection prevention or preventive health screenings. If you are interested in staff management or development topics, you may decide to explore cultivating positive workplace environments or ROI of professional development courses. If you are curious about patient experience, you can explore such broad categories as family-centered care or health literacy. As to the category of acute care, your potential topics can be technological platform that help improve patient flow or potential challenges in recognizing rare diseases. Keep in mind that all the above mentioned topics are too broad so you need to conduct additional research to narrow the chosen topic down and make it manageable and specific. Here are more interesting topics suggestions for writing a dissertation in healthcare for your inspiration. Solutions to Vaccine Hesitancy; Future Health Care Challenges; Ethical Issues of Surrogacy; Health Effects of Medical Marijuana; How Do Anxiety and Depression Affect Physical Health? Palliative Care vs Hospice; The Placebo Effect in Alternative Medicine; Unethical Behavior in Physical Therapy; Effects of Rising Healthcare Costs; Health Insurance for People Living with Diabetes; The Negative Side Effects of the Body Positive Movement; Organ Donation and Transplantation; Australian Healthcare System vs American; Cancer Patient Nutrition during Chemotherapy; Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide. Writing a Research Question for a Dissertation in Healthcare Studies The research question is one of the most important parts of your healthcare dissertation. The exact shape of your research question greatly depends on the topic and research problem. But make sure that your dissertation question is focused, specific, appropriately complex, and relevant to the issue you are exploring. For example, if you decide to write a dissertation about healthcare waste management for hospitals, your research question may look like this one: ‘What are the determinants of effective implementation of the HCWM systems in reducing, reusing and recycling hospital’s waste?’ Your dissertation in healthcare may have multiple research questions but they all should be clearly connected and focused around a specific central research problem. When developing your research question, you should follow these steps: Select a broad dissertation topic; Do some preliminary research to discover subtopics and specific issues; Narrow your topic down to a specific issue you would like to focus on; Identify the gap in the current research to find a theoretical or practical research problem you want to address; Formulate one or several research questions. Writing a Research Proposal for Your Dissertation in Healthcare The dissertation proposal is an important first step towards writing your final dissertation in healthcare. Your proposal has to be unique and it should help you make a clear plan for your dissertation. You need to explain what exactly you want to examine and how you intend to collect and analyze your data. The purpose of writing a research proposal is to justify your research topic, explain how you intend to contribute to existing research and show that you are capable of conducting a scientific research within an acceptable time-frame. Your dissertation proposal should include several key aspects: Introduction provides background information for your study, indicates the general scope of your research, and gives a brief overview of the sections in your proposal. Problem statement – you need to clearly identify the knowledge gap or that your proposed research is responding to. Purpose/Rationale – you need to explain the objectives of your study (what you are going to find), tell how your approach differs from the previous research, define the research question and limitations of your research, and define important terms. Literature review offers a critical look at the existing research and identifies potential gaps in knowledge. Methodology section explains how the chosen methodological approach fits the overall research design, describes methods for data collection and analyzing the results. Implications – you need to state the significance of the study by discussing contribution you anticipate to make to existing knowledge. Plan of work with timeline – create a schedule with completion dates for specific parts of the dissertation. Bibliography includes key texts that inform your methodology and your study. How to Write Chapters of Your Dissertation in Healthcare When the committee approves your research proposal, you can begin your original investigation and document all your findings. After you finish your research, you should start writing your dissertation chapter after chapter. Let’s briefly discuss what you should write about in each of your dissertation chapters. Abstract Abstract is a brief summary of the content of your dissertation in healthcare that also includes the key findings. It should be no longer than 300 words. It summarizes your research and allows other people to get an idea of what you have accomplished without reading the whole dissertation. It allows other people to decide if your dissertation is worth reading. You should tell your readers about your aims and objectives, key methods used to generate results, your main findings and conclusions. Introduction In this chapter, you should set out the background to your investigation and describe your research problem. You need to provide a theoretical argument to justify our study, include theoretical definitions of the key terms, and formulate research questions and hypothesis. Besides, you should include a summary of the content and the key arguments of your dissertation in healthcare. Literature review This chapter typically comes after the introduction and includes overview of the previous work done on the subject of your study and anything relevant to your hypothesis and research question. You need to analyze the existing literature and identify gaps in the knowledge, issues, and contradictions. You should also link your research question with the gaps and explain how you are planning to address a particular research gap. Methodology In this chapter, you need to provide an account of your hypothesis and research question and explain what methods of investigation you are going to use. You need to justify the choice of every method, telling about its advantages and disadvantages. Besides, you need to explain why you rejected other methods. Tell readers how you are going to gather data, evaluate it, and ensure the data reliability. Findings Here you need to present the main findings of your research and tell about the strengths and weaknesses of your data, considering your research question/hypothesis. Besides, you may wish to include an evaluation of variety of difficulties you encountered while collecting and analysing your data. You may want to assess how this affected your research plan. Use charts, diagrams, pie-chars to present your data because they break solid blocks of text and illustrate your points. Discussion In this part of your paper, you present to the reader the outcome of the research. You need to relate your findings to the theoretical discussion in your literature review. It’s important to focus your attention on data that is directly relevant to your dissertation’s research questions. You should avoid the mistake of including analysis of data that might be interesting in a general way. You should apply your analytical and critical thinking skills to analyze your data considering the theoretical arguments grounded in the literature review. Conclusions In this chapter, you should assess what you found out and how successful you were in your research. You need to make a statement and explain how your objectives were met. Tell what contribution your research made to the theory. Speak about implications of your results and give some recommendations about future research. How to Revise Your Dissertation in Healthcare Revision stage is very important for overall success of your final research project. That’s why as soon as you finish your first draft, you should reread your draft to make use that your dissertation in healthcare is well-organized and well-written with smooth transitions between paragraphs, and relevant evidence that really backs your argument. You need to check the content and make sure that your argument is complete and your claims are consistent. After that, you need to check overall structure of your final project and see if there are clear transitions between paragraphs. Clarity is a crucial aspect for your readers so you should check if have defined all important terms and chosen proper words to express your ideas. Check if you have used an appropriate style and that your sentences are varied in structure and in length. Make sure that you use the passive voice not too often. Besides, you should eliminate unnecessary phases like ‘due to the fact that, there is’ etc. Check your citations to ensure that you appropriately cited other people’s ideas that you used to support and illustrate your argument. Identify your error patterns and develop special techniques to correcting such errors. When you finish editing revisions, proofread your dissertation in healthcare to fix misspellings and minor grammar a nd punctuation. Still not sure where to start when revising your dissertation? Follow these easy tips! First, you should review your paper as a whole and address the big issues. You need to make sure that you have developed a clear argument to answer your research question and that your content matches the title of your dissertation. Then you should review each section and make sure that all points and details are relevant to the title. Now review every paragraph and make sure that it has a topic sentence that presents the idea you want to communicate. Keep in mind that every paragraph needs to have one key idea. Make sure you use transitions such as in contrast to this view, however, furthermore etc. to show how your ideas are connected to one another. The subsequent sentences in your paragraphs may include the development of the main point or its explanation, your own example, a quote from a resource that supports it. Review every sentence and make sure that it is no longer than 3 lines. Read the sentences aloud one by one and check the punctuation. Eliminate wordiness by cutting out unnecessary words. Finally, check spelling and pay special attention to the use of capital letters in the key names and theories. We hope that our step-by-step guide on how to write a dissertation in healthcare will help you stay confident and motivated to complete this extended piece of writing and make a great impression on your committee. The key to success of your study is to follow our recommendations and to work consistently to ensure that you meet the necessary timelines.

Advisable Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Advisable - Essay Example The jury is still out on the legality of hiring only professing Evangelical Christians. On the surface, it seems very logical to do so, but the legal implications make it a delicate body of water on which to tread. There are some who say it is thoroughly illegal, still others say it is legal only under certain circumstances (such as the organization not receiving government funds), and others say it is perfectly legal because of the nature of the organization and its methods, means, goals, and outreach. There is also the other side of the legal and ethical issue, which is that an atheist or non-Christian may be ill-advised to work in an environment that may offend them. Says World Vision â€Å"...Our hiring policy is vital to the integrity of our mission to serve the poor as followers of Jesus Christ.† The pertinent words are â€Å"as followers of Jesus Christ.† In the case of a manufacturing facility, which is a private for-profit non-government funded operation, the â€Å"christian-only† policy may be instituted, but it could be outlawed or struck down if legally challenged in court. Instituting that policy is legal, but not advisable. In Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act is a provision that exempts religious organizations from being held liable for charges of discrimination. Title VII, which remains open to interpretation by the courts, states: â€Å"(a) Inapplicability of subchapter to certain aliens and employees of religious entities: This subchapter shall not apply to an employer with respect to the employment of aliens outside any State, or to a religious corporation, association, educational institution, or society with respect to the employment of individuals of a particular religion to perform work connected with the carrying on by such corporation, association, educational institution, or society of its activities.à ¢â‚¬  †¦ 19 Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of

Value of Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Value of Music - Essay Example Music listening is such an involvement that facilitates a healing environment. Music allows people to relate their emotions with themselves and gives them a feeling of self-awareness which leads to a better life overall. Music is a safe, cheap and easily used tool for helping people to manage pain, confusion, and other such issues that are wrongly interfering in their lives. Music sure can lead to an emotional response and arouse certain emotions in a person; however, it can also form emotional habits in a person and when he listens to a certain kind of music his emotions do not need another stimulus to arise. Aristotle wrote about this phenomenon in these words â€Å"by music a man becomes accustomed to feeling the right emotions† (Marshall, 1953, p. 229). If music is used in healing environments it would prove to be helpful and would assist in the promotion of mental as well as physical health. It is said that music is a universal language that allows understanding among dif ferent cultures; similarly, music is also a universal language within the body and it leads to better living (Gardner, 1990). Several genres of music exist all around the world. One such is hip hop which reflects the feel that women are objects to be used and disposed of; they do not have any value. It is assumed that anyone who would listen to such music would get against the female population since music does affect the emotions and habits of the listener. Powell has argued that such sexism exists in hip hop in order to â€Å"silence feminist critiques of the culture† (McLune). However, what about the fact that the females grow up in such an environment as well yet their character is not questioned like that of black men? If we look at Powell’s argument it would be very apparent that it is perfectly okay for sexism to exist if there is the phenomenon of poverty. This, however, makes no sense because whites can also do what black men do, there being no difference betw een them besides the colour of their skin. If there is no such difference where does the difference occur in sexism in music? And then there is the fact that female rappers also exist. How can a person go against his own kind like these women who talk shit about the rest of the female population? Of course, they mean it for the actual bitchy women, and not everyone. But is this excuse even valid? Music has a psychological aspect to it and it can affect an individual very positively or negatively, depending on the kind of music being listened to. It can improve a person’s mental health, calm and relax him and prove to be intellectually stimulating. Such is the case with adults, teens and children alike. Music has an effect on our emotions and affects the way we think. Through music we can successfully communicate and discuss concepts. Music is a way of life. It even unites people and bridges gaps among those who may not have anything else in common. It soothes us and conveys a message of brotherhood. Music is something which awakens from the extreme depth of a person’s soul, his emotion and thus it is an important aspect to be studied in emotion psychology. Every kind of music has its own way and thus a distinct interpretation. It all depends on the composer that is how he chooses to convey his message, whether it is in sadness, loyalty, anger or any other emotion. In fact, music has proven to be a very emotional communication tool. The kind of music we listen to can have a great effect on the kind of person we are and the type of personality we adopt. The intensity and frequency of music can surely affect our mental health, whether it is positively or negatively since that depends on what kind we are listening to. However, an argument presented by (Jones) says that violent media is good for kids. We just talked about the different genres of music affecting people in different ways, with the violent, negative and strong music disturbing individual s and negatively affecting their habits and

The role of money in the macro economy Assignment

The role of money in the macro economy - Assignment Example Money supply in an economy is closely linked to economic growth of the nation, unemployment, inflation in economy and interest rates prevailing in the banking system of the country. ECB (2011, p. 63) states â€Å"The volume of broad money in the economy is the result of the interaction of the banking sector (including the central bank) with the money-holding sector, consisting of households, nonfinancial corporations, the general government other than central government, as well as non-monetary financial intermediaries.† Money supply determines liquidity in the economic system and credit growth. Credit growth depends upon the liquidity in the banking system, ability of the banking system to scale up their exposure in relation to demand, interest rates, internal rate of return expected on investments and the general economic condition. Therefore credit growth is considered an important indicator of economic development in a country. A country needs to overcome the imbalances in the current account through regulations for maintaining the exchange rate parity of its currency in the international markets for sustainable growth and development. The US subprime crisis and the European financial crisis have underlined the importance of financial services sector in macroeconomics. The globalization phenomenon necessitates revisiting of global monetary system with International Monetary Fund at the helm of affairs. Surveillance system of the International Monetary Fund should be able to detect the warning signals of impending economic crisis and support the countries in overcoming their economic imbalances. Money supply Keynesian expansionary policy envisages increasing supply of money and government spending for revival of economy and growth. Central banks control money supply using various tools. For example, the Federal Reserve can regulate money supply and manage liquidity through reserve requirements imposed on the banks. By increasing or decreasing the reserve ratios the Federal Reserve can regulate money supply. Also, the Federal Reserve buys and sells securities in open market with repurchase agreements for this purpose. When the economy is on growth mode, banks can borrow money through Federal Reserve’s discount window or avail facilities through autonomous factors that increase supply of money in the economy. The central bank of a country can use ‘Bank Rate’ as a tool to regulate money supply. The change in bank rates leads to changes in the short term and long term interest rates. The impact of the changes on financial and capital markets need to be carefully reviewed after taking into account several factors. For example, decrease in the interest rates will have impact on the pensioners’ income by way of interest on fixed income securities. The economic indicators such as Consumer Price Index related to inflation, Jobless Claims related to unemployment, GDP r elating to economic growth and industrial production statistics are useful in taking decisions by the monetary authorities. Increase in money supply increases aggregate demand which encourages entrepreneurs to establish production facilities for meeting the consumer demand. The additional employment generated in this process increases the consumption level and demand. The multiplier effect caused due to expansionary policies needs to be regulated to avoid

Market Analysis of Tesco

Market Analysis of Tesco Tesco is the worlds 3rd largest retailer and the UK retail sector leader. Its primary activity is based in the United Kingdom and the company is expanding into international markets, which are China, the Czech Republic, Hungary, the Republic of Ireland, India, Japan, Malaysia, Poland, Slovakia, South Korea, Thailand, Turkey, and the United States. The companys group sale in 2010 was  £62.5 billion in which the operational profit accounted for  £3.5 billion. Currently, the company finally becomes the most profitable online grocery retailer in the world, and more than half of the companys group selling space is outside the United Kingdom. The most attractive recent news about Tesco is its new CEO, Philip Clark, succeed Sir Terry as the retail giants boss on 2 March 2011. Within the same week, two pieces of news about Tescos further pushing forward in Southeast China and northern California were also announced respectively, which might lead to investors guess about whether this new boss, who was Tescos head of international and IT business, will take a more aggressive strategy for its international market. As we can see from the companys market performance, the future of its international expansion is still full of uncertainty. The core UK food retailing segment still keeps 30% market share, however, the sales growth rate fell to a historically low level. The Christmas sales, especially non-food sales, in UK and Europe were negatively impacted by the bad weather last winter. The expansion in US market, which is loss making, was suspended in the past year and now, as the company announced, is restarted. The companys ope ration and expansion is Asia seems promising, with high sales growth rates and fast new-stores-opening speed. The companys stock underperformed the FTSE 100 Index in the past year and keeps going down from the beginning of the year. In fact, all the five retailers we choose, most of which are the worlds largest, do not have satisfying stock performance recently. Bad news about the price rise from the suppliers side came this week bringing down the whole industrys price. The current price of Tesco goes lower than our estimates and hits the bottom of the year. From January 2011, the companys price decreased by a historically 10.58%. Investors worries about the current economic situation would be the main cause the sectors underperformance. We expect an underlying earnings growth and hence a price growth of Tesco in a long-term perspective based on our forecast. The value of company will go up with the recovery of the economy, which is the external factor, and the growing internal operational performance. Therefore, we recommend a short term hold and long term buy. Geographical Analysis Data source: Corporate Christmas sales reportThe latest supermarket giant Tescos 12-week total sales growth was 4.3% with the impressive double-digit growth in food segment. Giant player Tesco achieved positive strong performance in every business operation including food, non-food, and Tesco direct even though an unpleasant cold and wet weather especially adverse condition of snow over Christmas made things difficult not only for Tesco, but also its local crucial competitors like Sainsbury, Asda, and Morrison, Tescos operation and management were still well managed. It is undeniably that Tesco enjoyed an increase of like-for-like (LFL) sales compared to previous year; however, the rise in sales growth was inevitably suffering from the lift of petrol prices and the rise in VAT implying negative volumes if we assume progressive food inflation, which later may impede the stores growing space in the UK market. Yet, the true story that people have to eat and the evidence of the top-line growth grants the UK operators to provide both defensive and growth characteristics to have more rooms of new spaces, develop product mix, and enhance continuing productivity improvement. Hence, giant supermarket like Tesco cannot just stop expanding business and market share, and as an efficient strong retailer, growing the revenue cost-effectively and profitably is far more important than winning the highest market share, Europe: First time showing all positive LFL sales Tesco operates in the Republic of Ireland, Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Turkey, listed in descending revenues according to 2010 Annual reports. Although the customer expenditure suffers heavily from the recession, we have seen a solid sign of recovery in sales and profits in Europe. Shown in the Q3 report, till 27th November 2010, the performance of Tesco improves with sales up by 7.6%; compared to 6.4% from Q2 figures (Actual rates Ex. Petrol). Like-for-like sales achieve a growth at 3.6% (Ex. Petrol), which is 0.5% more than the last quarter, probably because of a strong improvement in Hungary and Turkey. Particularly in the third quarter, all European businesses succeed in acquiring positive like-for-like sales for the first time in three years. Thus we expect a continuing increasing trend in this region as the economies are slowly improving. The main approach using by Tesco is to invest in new selling space. The company plans to double the space by 2014/15 to 4.1m sq meters. Part of the ambitious opening programme, Tesco has acquired 128 convenience stores in Czech Republic on 23rd December 2010, making the market share stable at 9%, which is the second position overall. Next we could expect this world leading retailer would push its plan further and expand its online models more in Europe. In the non-food sector, Tesco is leading the clothing market. Building on the FF brand, it opened up its own FF Blue and FF Basics in Central Europe. Tesco sold 68milions FF items in this area and the clothing sales of the Tesco increased by 12% in 2010. Like-for-like clothing sales are also up by 14%. US: When will Fresh Easy be profitable? One of the key decisions for Tescos new CEO, Mr Clarke, will be deciding whether to continue with the Fresh Easy chain, which made a loss of  £165m ($269m) last year. Fresh Easy is designed as a small and convenient fresh food seller and this is its fourth year in the US. This totally different business format was criticized for would not meet US consumes habits when it was launched. Anyway, we think Tesco was extremely unlucky to enter US market before its economy fell into the worst recession since the 1930s. The sales are growing at a promising rate over 38.5% in the third quarter 2010/11 which were mostly contributed from the Thanksgiving holiday. And during the Christmas and New Year holiday it grew up by 36.9%. However, Fresh Easy still made a loss of  £165m in 2009/2010 and a similar or larger loss would probably be made in 2010/2011. Tescos management predicts that it will reach profitability in 2012/2013. But this prediction is questionable since we did not see any signs that promise the profit. Even the US market leader, Wal-mart, had a historically rapid decrease in its sales growth rate in 2009/2010. The company mothballed 13 stores last year, primarily in Arizona and Nevada, hit by the US housing market downturn. The expansion of Fresh Easy was slow down in the last year, and under-utilised capacity still charged large amount of expenditure of the business. The latest news on Fresh Easys website said 10 new stores will be open before the end of April in northern California, which indicates the company starts to push ahead the expansion again. Asia: Key focus for the international expansion Tesco has its Asian business mainly in South Korea, Thailand, China, Malaysia, Japan and India with 1300 stores. Remarkable performance has been shown in the Asian markets driven by opening new stores and due to its constant progress for the growth of powerful brands in Asian markets. The profits in 2010/2011 have drastically increased by 24% with margin strengthening of 6.1%. The sales growth in the Asian Markets in the year 2010/2011 was 23.4%. This substantial growth was mainly due to the investments that were made during the recession period and are paying off as the economies of these nations are improving. Due to the unseasonably warm temperature in the Northern Asia, the LFL sales of Tesco have been 4.3% which is a little lower than 5% in second quarter. It has been able to grow its business by expanding its club card and other retail business in these nations. Amongst these countries, South Korea has turned out to be the most productive, with an organic sales growth of 23.3%, like for like sales of 3.2% and profits up 50.9%. China is considered as epoch-making opportunity for future. The performance of Tesco in other countries like Thailand, Malaysia and India has also been fairly good as the sales have increased in these countries in spite of the political uncertainty and sharp recession in 2009. Asian markets will continue to be key focus for the international expansion of Tesco as they offer a significant long term opportunity. Tesco plans to open new space of 4.9 m sq ft (excluding shopping malls) by next year and build 80 shopping malls by the end of 2015. While theJapan quake might suspend the companys expansion in Japan market which Tesco just entered 4 years ago and counts 5% of its Asian sales in 2010. Porters Five Forces Industry Competition Position Average Score: 3+ Threat of New Entrants 3+ High level of entry in retailing industry: although easy for independent retailers, quite difficult for big chain stores. Abundant capital needed for human resources and storage costs; long time devoted to establishing brand and relationship with suppliers. Power of Suppliers 2- Little power for retailing industry: presence of rich substitutes and suppliers; but suppliers may gain powers during special periods due to unexpected bad weather or new launching government policies. Power of buyers 2+ Although customers bargain power in the store is low, they can easily change among retailers to without any switch costs. The customer loyalty is low. The high price sensitive drives customers to seek for promotions and price reductions. Availability of Substitutes 4+ What one store offers you will likely find at another store. Retailers offering products that are unique have a distinct or absolute advantage over their competitors. Competitive of Rivalry 4+ Competition among the main players in retail industry is aggressive and rational. Promotional activity and new space expansion are growing at a historical rate to gain more market share. But the possibility of an irrational price war is low. *Scoring range 1-5 (high score is good) Plus = getting better; Minus = getting worse* SWOT A We expect the sales growth rate to go up based on the assumption that the worlds economy will recover in the near future, and the VAT and food price inflation will keep around current level. Cost of goods sold as a % of sales is decreasing during the last five years, so we estimate that the trend will continue in the future. On the other hand, Tesco provides more price reduction and promotion now, especially when the competition with Asda in terms of price is going on, so the decrease of cost of good sold rate will not be too large. Depreciation to sales is around 2% in past years. Since the expansion of the company is pushed forward in the US and Asian market, the fixed assets will grow up as well. We forecast the depreciation will go up with the expansion, too. And in 2010 year, some properties bought in the US were idle since the company suspended its expansion in the US market, so the depreciation to sales in 2010 will be higher than usual. Because selling is essential to retail industry and promotion reached in a historical high level as Wall Street Journal reported, we estimate SGA expense will increase as a percentage of sales. We forecast that the EBIT to sales will increase very slowly because of the growing depreciation cost and SGA expense. Therefore, the Net Margin may stay steady or go down marginally based on the increased interest expanse from the higher leverage level and the higher tax. The company expanded its assets significantly in 2008/09 and then suspended the expansion in 2009/10, especially in terms of current assets. According to the recent news, Tesco pushes further into China and US market this year, therefore, we expect the amount of assets will be enlarged. And non-current assets grow as a percentage of total assets. Working capital is calculated by current assets minus current liabilities. The change of working capital in future is at the historical average rate of 6.48%. Standard Ratios Residual Income Model We employ residual income model (RI) to value Tesco. With residual income model, the value of equity is forecasted to be approximately GBP 46 billion with the price target of GBP 5.77. The cost of equity is used in the model rather than the group WACC since we base on the net income. The cost of equity is derived from assessing the groups exposure by running the regression to obtain the groups beta. FTSE all share is used as a market proxy and US 3-month T-Bill yield is taken as risk-free rate in the regression. Our estimation of the groups cost of equity currently is 11.64%. The growth of income is assumed to be constant over the long period at 9.5%. However, the sensitivity analysis is provided for different percentages of cost of equity and growth rates. Discounted Cash Flow Model Using DCF model, we assume a terminal growth rate at 8% and cost of equity at 11.64%. Net debt will decrease based on Tescos current strategy to adjust its leverage, while net non-current assets will rapidly grow because of the international expansion strategy. Multiples Valuation Model There we use P/E as the multiple to estimate the prices of Tesco and its four peers. The expected earnings are obtained from Thomson One Banker. Expected earnings, expected value and number of shares outstanding are presented in millions. The expected value is calculated by timing peer average P/E with expected earnings

Social Male Behaviors On Sundays Essay -- essays research papers

There are many misconceptions about Sundays and its effect on people. I’m here to clear it up from the male’s perspective, and to show women how to deal with these behaviors. Many women believe that Sunday is a sacred day, a time to be together with the one you love most and go to church . This is true, but Sunday is also the time for sports, testosterone driven activities, and for males to hang out with the other males. Sundays seems to bring out a primal instinct inside us men that lays dormant through out the week. These instincts are brought out by the excitement of sports and the surrounding. So here are some insights into our behaviors, eating habits, and our rituals to let you understand us better during these times.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the main rituals on Sundays is gathering of us male species at various places to be with others like us. One of the places the male species often go to are called bars. These places are like heaven to the male specie. I myself have had first hand experiences with these places. Last Sunday I decided to go to a local bar call Hooters with some of my buddies to observe these ritual behaviors for myself. Upon entering the bar, I knew that it was truly a place for us males to hang out. The walls were filled with sport memorabilia, and on all twelve television sets where either football games or other sport related things. Another thing that made it a true guys’ hang out were the good food and the waitresses. All of the waitresses were all shaped nicely, wearing provocative clothing which made them truly candy for the eyes. Another one of these places that we male species like to socialize is their own dwellings or another’s. When the male specie hang out they don’t like to do it alone, and so others males would join in on the fun. There are also requirements in order for the visiting males to be included in this ritual; they must present a â€Å"Gift of Flavor† upon the visit. Although we male species will consume almost anything that might be digestible on most days, Sundays on the other hand we male species will follow a strict diet. The diet states that, only food products that contain either great amount of salt, cheese, meat, or sugar may be consumed. Also that each serving of these foods must contain no less than 2 grams of fat, otherwise the food is considered sacrileges. Also the most essential part of... ... primal instincts will go away but there are time frames when these behaviors will start to decrease. People have noticed that they start to decrease after the last post game show on television had ended and football too is gone for the day. But some scientists believe that availability of alcohol plays a major part in the decrease, because the party is over when the drinks are gone. The only way that you can make it easier on you during these times is to just go with the flow. Be lazy too or fix things, by doing this you will notice that the time will fly by. Or you can pick up our hobbies, like football, drinking beer and hot wings. Because if we see that you’re cool we will invite you to our gatherings. But if think that doing these are not for you, you can just stay the hell away from us. Go to your parents’ house, girl friends’, or siblings’ and do your feminine activities. We won’t interfere with your rituals. But please understand it’s not our fault, we don’t do this because we want to, it just that it is part of being a man. And I hope in reading this you have learned and understand more about the men in your life. And that it’s up to you to decide how it will affect you.

Vegetarian/Vegan Documented Argument

No Dessert until You Finish Your Vegetables A vegetarian lifestyle has been lived by a small portion of society for years for many different reasons. Most meat eaters do not agree with the views or lifestyle choices or vegetarians. In recent years, however, the practice of withholding from meat consumption has taken on new life mainly because of undeniable new proof of its health benefits and a changing social view that is gradually expanding to include the rights of animals. In spite of its speedy growth, the vegetarian ideology remains a largely controversial subject for many Americans.Its sudden popularity in the peculator leaves many avid meat-eaters questioning the validity of Its benefits and struggling to defend their way of life which has been around since cavemen. While meat consumption in America is rising, vegetarianism is flourishing a surprising popularity of its own. A poll recently conducted by Time Magazine estimates that ten million Americans consider themselves to b e vegetarians, and an additional twenty million say that they have â€Å"flirted† with vegetarianism sometime In the past (Corrals).A separate survey found that schools and universities are Increasingly offering meatless meals to their students in an attempt to keep up with the increasing demand among young vegetarians. In fact, in a recent survey of twelve to nineteen year olds, twenty percent of all the respondents and 28 percent of the female respondents described vegetarianism as â€Å"in† (Irvine). While many critics dismiss this appreciation for the idea of a plant-based diet as a short-lived social trend, that is hardly the case.Eating meat is a practice that causes numerous health risks and takes a significant toll on the environment, all at the expense of the suffering of Innocent creatures. Society as a whole would be better served In making a transition to a healthier, less violent vegetarian lifestyle. Such a change would leave the world a better place, ben efiting our earth and our health as well as increasing our awareness of the world around us. One of the most important reasons for our society to accept vegetarianism is the damage that meat production causes to the environment.While most Americans don't realize It, eating and producing meat inspires a wasteful misuse of the earth's valuable resources, leaving an UN- occupy the earth, three times the number of human beings (Motivational). In the U. S. Alone livestock outnumber people twenty-five to one. The amount of room required to raise all these animals is massive (Corrals). In South America, about seventy thousand acres of rainforest's are destroyed every day to make land for cattle to graze (Hurley 40), and the use of the land Is so Inefficient that It Is estimated that a single vegetarian will save an acre of trees every year.The large number of animals bred for food go to the bathroom at a rate of 87,000 pounds per second, or about 20 tons of manure per year for every U. S. Household, all of which is eventually routed to rivers ND streams. The problem is so bad that the Environmental Protection Agency has stated that animal feces â€Å"pollutes American waterways more than all other industrial sources combined† (Motivational). Modern farming methods also consume water and fossil fuels at an alarming rate. It requires only 2,000 liters of water to produce a in beef (Corrals).The amount of waste is disturbing. In his book The Food Revolution, John Robbins states â€Å"you'd save more water by not eating one pound of California beef than you would by not showering for an entire year† (Metallic). The production f meat also requires huge amounts of fossil fuel, consuming about eight times what it would take to produce a comparable amount of plant protein and about 30 times the fuel required to produce an equal amount of grain (Hurley). Ironically, the vegetable industry also wastes massive amounts of food.The amount of grain consumed by Americ a's livestock, about five times the grain consumed by humans in the U. S. , could feed 800 million people (Corrals). Jean Mayer, a nutritionist at Harvard, estimates that a reduction in meat consumption by the American people by Just ten recent would produce enough grain to feed 60 million people (Metallic), and former Environmental Minister of India Manage Gandhi is quoted as saying, â€Å"Were all of [the grain fed to livestock] consumed directly by humans, it would nourish five times as many people as it does after being converted into meat, milk and eggs† (Hurley 40).The problem is exacerbated by the fact that meat production is such an inefficient use of land, while a ten-acre farm could support 60 people growing soybeans or 24 people growing wheat, the same ten acres could support only two people raising cattle (Metallic). The case against eating meat is also strengthened by the overabundance of scientific evidence behind the health benefits of a vegetarian lifestyle. T he premise that vegetarian diets are nutritionally lacking is a common misconception; however, the scientific evidence supports a conclusion to the contrary.The USDA and nutrition experts alike have praised vegetarianism for its health benefits (Hurley 39); in fact, research has shown that for many people the health benefits of a vegetarian diet may exceed that of those who eat meat. The most obvious reason for this is the potential that meat carries for contamination. Sixty percent of supermarket chickens are infected with salmonella, and in 1997 alone 25 million pounds of hamburger were contaminated with the E. Coli virus (Metallic). Mostly, however, vegetarian diets are endorsed for much more positive reasons.Studies have shown that the meat-free lifestyle is beneficial for reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as coronary artery disease, diabetes, and several forms of cancer (Corrals). Especially significant in today's society due to the growing problem, is the diet's poten tial for lowering the risk for obesity. According to the U. S. Government, 23% of Americans were obese as of the year 2000 (â€Å"Overweight Prevalence†). Plant-based diets have also been shown to aid in diabetics' kidney and nerve functions.In addition, they may be a factor in the longer life spans evident in industrialized nations and, according to the International Congress on Vegetarian Nutrition at Loam Linda University, can â€Å"slow, and perhaps even reverse, age-related declines in brain function and in cognitive and motor performance† (Corrals). Alternatively, a large study has found that diets high in animal protein and lacking in Lana foods actually increased the risk for heart disease and cancer (â€Å"Meat-Free†). Dry. Caldwell Uselessly Jar. F the Cleveland Clinic asserts that our typical American diet, characterized by its emphasis on animal products, is the cause of 75% of the diseases in our country (Hurley 39). There have also been several fin dings in this area of particular interest to women. Studies have shown that soy foods, the most and reduce the hot flashes she experiences during menopause (â€Å"Meat-Free†). In addition, a study recently published in Contemporary BOB/GUN maintains that a low- at vegetarian diet can aid in the relief of symptoms of premenstrual syndrome such as â€Å"pain intensity, behavioral problems and water retention† (Correct).Cardiovascular disease, which kills more women than any other disease, can also be affected by a vegetarian diet, as the diet â€Å"leads to striking reductions† in cholesterol (Shadow's). The common myth that vegetarian diets are nutritionally inadequate is largely untrue. Even the American Dietetic Association endorses vegetarianism: â€Å"A well-planned vegetarian eating style can be healthful, nutritionally sound, and beneficial for the prevention of certain diseases. One of the prevailing misconceptions is that the diet does not allow for all the necessary protein.The truth, however, is exactly the opposite; several vegetables – and soy products in particular – provide all of the protein that the body needs (â€Å"Meat-Free†). In contrast, the average omnivore actually consumes an amount of protein that greatly exceeds what is healthy (Hurley 40). Another concern is the lack of calcium in the diet, but this also proves unfounded. In fact, research has shown that while most American teens get far from enough calcium, vegetarian teens who include eggs and milk in their diet actually consume a more than adequate amount of the nutrient (Corrals).Perhaps the most important argument for vegetarianism is the practice of producing and eating meat. The process of giving life for the sole purpose of taking it away is extremely questionable from an ethical point of view. Author Michael Pollen wrote, â€Å"More than any other institution, the American industrial animal farm offers a nightmarish glimpse of what capitalism can look like in the absence of moral or regulatory constraint. † This is particularly true in the case of Cafes, Confined Animal Feeding Operations, sometimes also called factory farms.Conditions on these farms are so repulsive that Pollen writes, â€Å"To visit a modern CAFE†¦ Is to enter a world that, for all its technological sophistication, is still designed according to Cartesian principles: animals are machines incapable of feeling pain. Since no thinking person can possibly believe this any more, industrial animal agriculture depends on a suspension of disbelief on the part of the people who operate it and a willingness to avert your eyes on the part of everyone else. Male chickens born on a CAFE will be thrown into trash bags and left to die because they are of no value to a farmer Motivational). Those females unlucky enough to survive are packed six at a time into a crate no wider than a piece of paper. The stress soon overwhelms them, and most rub a gainst the cages until they molt and bleed (Pollen); they would cannibalize the other animals but for the fact that their beaks are literally seared off at birth (Hurley).When a laying hen is about to die, she will be â€Å"force-molted† which means she is deprived of food and water for days at a time to force her to lay one last time before she dies. The mortality rate from stress alone at these farms is about ten percent, a umber so fixed that farmers will actually budget it into their production costs. Another example is that of the hogs raised for bacon and pork. Weaned only ten days after birth, baby pigs develop an oral fixation of sucking on the tails of the other pigs.The pigs in possession of the suckled tails are so depressed that they refuse to fight back, and the constant sucking and nibbling can easily lend the tail to infection. To remove the tail but to make the sucking so painful that the accosted pig will have no choice but to fight back. Pigs who don't fight back and become infected or take ill are â€Å"clubbed to death on the spot† (Pollen). Some critics question the validity of reports of animal cruelty, citing government regulations and the Humane Slaughter Act, which was intended to guarantee the humane treatment of animals.Unfortunately government regulations are sparse and rarely enforced, and the Humane Slaughter Act applies only to the actual slaughtering process itself and offers an animal no protection from mistreatment up until the moment of death (Hurley 37). Additionally, the Act and even regular USDA inspections have had seemingly little effect on actual farm practices: animals are regularly skinned alive, and often â€Å"regain consciousness ruing slaughtering† (Motivational). There are strictly moral arguments against eating meat as well.In his critical essay â€Å"Why Friends Shouldn't Let Friends be Eaten: An Argument for Vegetarianism,† author Jeff Jordan examines the issue of morality from a so ciologically scientific standpoint: The morality of meat consumption also comes into question given the growing evidence that animals are capable of emotions very similar to our own. It is virtually inarguable that animals hold the capacity to experience fear, and most higher mammals and even some birds play in their youth and into adulthood. It might be surprising for some to learn that even grief has been observed among wild animals, especially at the death of a family member.Scientists have often seen elephants â€Å"trying to revive dead or dying family members† and even â€Å"standing beside the remains for many days, periodically reaching out and touching the body with their trunks. † Similarly, female sea lions have been seen wailing as their pups are eaten by predators. This evidence leaves little doubt in some scientists' minds that animals have at least a basic understanding of the concept of death (Tangled). If this is the case, then Animal Liberation author Peter Singer makes a very valid point: â€Å"The question is not, Can they reason? Or, Can they talk? But, Can they suffer? † ( Pollen). Our very motivation behind meat consumption is also cause for moral concern. In a recent study appearing in The Journal of Social Psychology, researchers contemplated the fact that the â€Å"prominence of meat in the food system seems greater than its nutritional value; therefore, meat probably has a socially constructed value. † It has been postulated in the past that meat may have a higher social connection with masculinity and power while plant foods are stereotypically associated with undermined weaker traits.The findings of the published study confirmed this theory: researchers found that â€Å"a more pronounced omnivore identity† was â€Å"associated with stronger social dominance,† and that omnivores tended to value social power where vegetarians â€Å"emphasized peace, equality, and social Justice. † The strong correlation suggests a desire to eat meat not Just for sustenance but also as a means of environmental control (Allen et al). Most major religions examine the concept of vegetarianism, and virtually all at least partially endorse it as a way of life.Buddha instructed his followers to abstain from eating meat, and in the Hindu Epic poem â€Å"The Inhabitant† followers who desire â€Å"good memory, long life with perfect health, and physical, moral and spiritual strength† are encouraged to consume only plant foods (Null 12). Even the Bible encourages a plant based diet: â€Å"Then God said, ‘l give fruit with seed in it. They will be yours for food† (Holy Bible: Gene. 1:29). In spite of the surplus of evidence that vegetarianism would be more beneficial to humanity, critics continue to voice their skepticism and, sometimes, downright disdain for the idea of forsaking meat. The website www. Inches. Net, for instance, poses the question, â€Å"If anima ls weren't meant to be eaten, why are they made out of meat? † It is a question that Richard Corrals rightly counters, â€Å"One might ask the same of humans. † The fact remains that many of the opinions against vegetarianism are easily challenged. For instance, most opponents will maintain that meat is necessary for a healthy diet, and that it is only harmful when eaten in excess. The fallibility in this argument is that the average American eats two times the recommended amount of protein; it is almost always, at least in our country, eaten in excess (Corrals).The idea that farmers have an interest in keeping their animals healthy is also a falsehood. The plight of veal calves is a perfect example: these calves are treated so poorly that they must be medicated to keep them alive. Because of the way they are raised, they are usually too weak to walk and have to be dragged into the slaughterhouse (Hurley 38). Opponents also point to the food chain when attempting to con test vegetarianism's way of life claiming that man is naturally on top of the food chain and that animals would be Just as susceptible to predators in the wild as they are on a farm, if not more so.Pollen argues against this point :†Do you really want to base your morality on the natural order? Murder and rape are natural, too. Besides, humans don't need to kill other creatures in order to survive; animals do. † There are also those who argue that man, who secured his position at the top of his food chain with his powerful intellectual capabilities, has an inherent right to consume the flesh of other animals. While man is indeed intellectually superior to his fellow beings, his intelligence should not be Justification for harming those less fortunate than himself.Just because one man is less wealthy than another goes that give the wealthy man the right to think he is better than the poor man? I have experienced first hand not only a vegetarian lifestyle but a vegan lifes tyle. As a vegan I restrained from eating any animal products including all types of meat, dairy products and even honey. If I had a dollar for every time someone tells me that I don't get enough protein in my diet I would have enough money to buy the entire meat industry that is telling me my way of life is wrong. As a vegan I obtained all of the necessary nutrients my body needed in a more healthy way than most meat eaters.I get protein from beans and other legumes. I also drank raw, vegan protein shakes which gave me more protein than a normal serving of dairy protein shakes. Contrary to mainstream belief, I never felt run-down or sick during my time as a vegan. In fact, I quickly noticed a boost in my energy and metabolism when I made the switch from omnivore to herbivore. I was digesting food quicker and I started sleeping better. Along with the physical benefits, I also noticed that I was happier. I had a more sane mentality and my confidence went up. My friends and family wer e amazed at how well I was dealing with giving up meat.I didn't have a hard time at all. Most people think that if they make the switch to vegetarian that they will have terrible cravings for meat. While somewhat true, my meat cravings went away quickly and after almost a year of being vegetarian the thought of meat now makes my lifestyle. The benefits are innumerable and obvious. Anyone trying to lose weight will be amazed how quickly the fat sheds and is much more easily replaced by lean muscle. My personal experiences are defense enough for me to prove that anyone can benefit from a vegetarian lifestyle. I am still a vegetarian and I do not intend on owing back to meat.

Free Essays on Vietnam

Vietnam Many believe that America’s involvement in the Vietnam War was a disaster. The majority of the men and women fighting in the war had little or no idea why they were there in the first place. The staggering number of lives that was lost cannot and will not be overlooked. The importance of this war was decimated, and the actions of political leaders were scrutinized by there own people as well as other countries. One question that comes to mind when thinking about the Vietnam War is our reasoning for entering the war and what our enemies thought about America’s intervention in the war. America’s intervention in Vietnam changed the lives of many people and families in our country today. The Political leaders of our country took, in a sense, moral authority in there involvement in Vietnam. According to Loren Baritz, Author of God’s Country and American Know-how, Moral authority has been imbedded in American culture before America was even a country. I believe the quote by Herman Melville best explained moral authority when he said, â€Å"and we Americans are the peculiar, chosen people – the Israel of our time; we bear the ark of the liberties of the world.† After analyzing this statement one can make a direct connection to moral authority and America’s actions at the time of the Vietnam War. Whoever gets in the way of the human races right to live their lives with virtue, liberty, and with God is an enemy. The role of the â€Å"worlds police† was assumed by America in the Vietnam War partly due to Americas need and want for everyone to live in peace and happiness, our involvement ended up being an experience on what not to do . Along with moral authority American political leaders felt they had a promise to keep to themselves, America, and the citizens of their country. After WWII concluded America installed what they call the containment theory. The containment theory pledged, According to George... Free Essays on Vietnam Free Essays on Vietnam The past few months have been very hard on me. I have just been trying to hold on. I don’t know if I can. I have seen some things that I should have never seen. I have been through a lot in such a short time. I have gotten a life time of stories in just a few years. It all started when I took that photograph class back in High school. They said I had a natural gift and they hadn’t seen anything like it before. Either they were lying or it was just that I was one of the first people to experience the new technological advances that were made in the world of cameras. After that I started to really pursue photography as a career. I spent a lot of time and money on my passion. And this passion got me places. I graduated college and got a job working for Life magazine. I’m not going to lye, I was the best they had. They sent me to places near and far. I saw the world for free. It was great. Until I started to get jobs I didn’t like. When it was declared that Ho Chi Minh, who is very photogenic, was communist and therefore our enemy the US decided that they had to stop him. Stop him from doing what, I don’t know, but I do know that I didn’t like it at all. When Vietnam was split into two countries, North and South Vietnam, by the Geneva Conference it didn’t seem like a huge deal. When President Eisenhower sent over support it didn’t seem too bad. I mean he sent in 675 advisors to help out. They were there to show South Vietnam what to do. When that little boy, Kennedy, took office is when the problems started. He just kept sending troops into a war and a country that we had no reason to be in. He sent 16,000 Americans to Vietnam. And if that wasn’t bad enough the leader of the country we were helping wasn’t even trying. The president of South Vietnam, Ngo Dinh Diem, wasn’t helping the situation. He was such a bad leader that he didn’t even get the support of his people. He sent people... Free Essays on Vietnam The U.S. Involvement in The Vietnam War The Vietnam War was one of the worst wars in the United States history. The reason for the United States involvement was due to the start of communism in North Vietnam. The citizens in South Vietnam feared the control of North Vietnam and were worried that the north would take control of the south. The communist North Vietnam had support from the Soviet Union and China, making the South Vietnamese vulnerable to the north. In their time of struggle the South Vietnamese were able to receive aid from the United States. The North Vietnamese had set up a series of radar stations along bays and islands on the Gulf of Tonkin. On August 1, 1964 the U.S.S. Maddox was posted on a surveillance mission to study the North Vietnamese defenses in the Gulf area. In early morning on August 2, 1964 the U.S.S. Maddox spotted three North Vietnamese patrol boats, located twenty- eight miles from the coast. The patrol boats were still in International waters, which meant that they had no right to patrol S outh Vietnam. Captain John Herrich of the Maddox ordered fire upon the three North Vietnamese patrol boats. The Maddox had assistance from the carrier U.S.S. Ticonderoga. The two ships managed to sink one of the patrol boats, while the other two boats bailed out. To this day government officials are still unsure whether the United States or the North Vietnamese fired first in the situation. United Sates President Lyndon B. Johnson received word of the attack and ordered the Maddox to return to the Gulf of Tonkin and patrol for more action. The Maddox accompanied by the U.S.S. Turner Joy returned to the Gulf of Tonkin on August 4, 1964. While stationed in the Gulf the radar engineers on the destroyers thought that they saw an advancing enemy ship. While not certain of the approaching ship, the two destroyers fired into the darkness. The destroyers found no trace of a ship. President Johnson was convinced that the de... Free Essays on Vietnam Robert S. McNamara, appointed by John F. Kennedy to the position of U.S. Secretary of Defense in 1961, said about the Vietnam War, â€Å"It is important to recognize it’s a South Vietnamese war. It will be won or lost depending upon what they do. We can advise and help, but they are responsible for the final results, and it remains to be seen how they will continue to conduct that war,† (McNamara 72). Despite these guidelines for assisting in the war, the U.S. would end up doing much more than just advising. The Vietnam War was supposed to be a demonstration of how willing the U.S. was to battle communism, but ended up a personal vendetta against the North Vietnamese as the U.S. escalated its commitment in Vietnam infinitely greater than it had ever intended. After World War II, France returned to Vietnam to reclaim their Indochinese colonies after the Ho Chi Minh had declared Vietnamese independence in 1945 (Goldstein 3). The U.S. had just ended a war started by G erman conquest in Europe, and now was being asked to help France conquer the colonies it lost control of during the war. The Vietnam Nationalists, the same ones who had supported the U.S. in the war against the Japanese not more than a year previous, sought only to peacefully gain their independence from France (Chant 25). In January of 1950, the Viet Minh gained recognition by the governments of the USSR and China, who supplied weapons and places to train (Chant 25). Because the two Communist superpowers recognized the Viet Minh, the Vietnam war became to the U.S. a struggle between capitalism and communism, especially since the Viet Minh were openly communist themselves. By aiding the French, the U.S. thought they were helping their free-trade ally France fight communism, the Communist Party was very strong in France (Goldstein 3). The U.S. feared that Vietnam would fall to communism, and set-off the â€Å"domino effect† for other communist satellites in Indochina (M... Free Essays on Vietnam Vietnam Many believe that America’s involvement in the Vietnam War was a disaster. The majority of the men and women fighting in the war had little or no idea why they were there in the first place. The staggering number of lives that was lost cannot and will not be overlooked. The importance of this war was decimated, and the actions of political leaders were scrutinized by there own people as well as other countries. One question that comes to mind when thinking about the Vietnam War is our reasoning for entering the war and what our enemies thought about America’s intervention in the war. America’s intervention in Vietnam changed the lives of many people and families in our country today. The Political leaders of our country took, in a sense, moral authority in there involvement in Vietnam. According to Loren Baritz, Author of God’s Country and American Know-how, Moral authority has been imbedded in American culture before America was even a country. I believe the quote by Herman Melville best explained moral authority when he said, â€Å"and we Americans are the peculiar, chosen people – the Israel of our time; we bear the ark of the liberties of the world.† After analyzing this statement one can make a direct connection to moral authority and America’s actions at the time of the Vietnam War. Whoever gets in the way of the human races right to live their lives with virtue, liberty, and with God is an enemy. The role of the â€Å"worlds police† was assumed by America in the Vietnam War partly due to Americas need and want for everyone to live in peace and happiness, our involvement ended up being an experience on what not to do . Along with moral authority American political leaders felt they had a promise to keep to themselves, America, and the citizens of their country. After WWII concluded America installed what they call the containment theory. The containment theory pledged, According to George... Free Essays on Vietnam Vietnam has had conflicts since the 1800’s. The French struggled for years to take control of Vietnam. In the early1930’s the French fought to stop the spread of communism in Vietnam. In the late 1940’s they started losing massive amounts of troops. U.S. president Harry S. Truman decided to send funding to the French. The Truman administration decided it was right to help in the fight against communism (â€Å"Eve of Battle 38†). America officially entered Vietnam in 1965 (â€Å"Eve of Battle 38†). The U.S already had advisers in Vietnam at the time of arrival. President John F. Kennedy increased the number of advisers after taking office. He felt it necessary for further increase in U.S. help (â€Å"Barr 20†). The struggle later escalated into a major controversy that Americans will never forget. J.F.K. was eventually assassinated and Lyndon B. Johnson took over the presidency. Johnson made many decisions that greatly effected the lives of soldiers and the entire outcome of the Vietnam War. Johnson was an important part of Vietnam. He made several big moves that helped the U.S. get seriously involved in the war. Suprisingly he did not run for another term as president. In 1968 Richard Nixon was elected president. He resigned in 1974 to avoid impeachment (â€Å"Vietnamization 114†). Nixon had many decisions to make while in office. He faced the public, U.S. soldiers, politicians and many obstacles in his political career. The public would later question his honesty and ability to serve as Commander and Chief. Many Americans questioned the reason for U.S. involvement in Vietnam. When Americans herd about the spread of war into Cambodia and the â€Å"Watergate Scandal† they started to question his authority. U.S. citizens felt they should no longer trust a president that lies and keeps secrets from them. In 1974 Nixon resigned and Gerald Ford took over presidency. After the Vietnam War Americans learned of the ... Free Essays on Vietnam By the start of 1968, Johnson encountered mounting opposition to the war. An antiwar movement had arisen in 1964 and 1965 as Johnson began to escalate American involvement in Vietnam. In 1965 students and teachers at the University of Michigan held one of the first campus teach-ins to spread information about the war. Teach-ins soon were held at many colleges and universities. Antiwar protests evoked massive support among draft-age youth, half of them college students. Chanting activists disrupted draft boards, burned draft cards, occupied campus buildings, and marched on the Pentagon. The Johnson administration faced political critics as well. Arkansas Senator J. William Fulbright began to hold hearings that questioned why the United States was fighting in Vietnam. Fulbright stopped supporting Johnson when he learned that the president had exaggerated enemy aggression at the Gulf of Tonkin. Defense Secretary Robert McNamara called the bombing campaign a failure and left his post in 1968. European allies also criticized the American role in Vietnam. At home, the war generated intense debate. â€Å"Hawks† assailed the policy of limited war and favored an all-out effort to defeat Communism in Vietnam. Some contended that politicians prevented the military from winning the war, or that military leaders had no strategy for victory. Others held that the antiwar movement stifled support for the war, ruined morale, and undercut the military effort. â€Å"Doves,† in contrast, believed that the United States should never have become involved in Vietnam. The conflict, they argued, was essentially a civil war, and contrary to containment doctrine, its outcome was irrelevant to American security. To some critics, the war was unwinnable, and stalemate was the best foreseeable outcome. In any case, doves argued, the United States should negotiate with North Vietnam to end the war quickly. By 1968 antiwar sentiment affected electoral politics. Chall... Free Essays on Vietnam The Vietnam conflict began in the late nineteenth century. The French conquered Vietnam and made it a protectorate. For nearly forty years, Vietnam had not experienced settled peace. The League for the Independence of Vietnam ( Viet Minh ) was formed in 1941, seeking independence from the French. On September 2nd,1945, Ho Chi Minh proclaimed it independent of France. The French opposed their independence from 1945 to 1954. The first representatives of de Gualle's government landed by parachute in Saigon and Hanoi on August 23rd, 1945. The French wanted to reestablish their rule in Vietnam but were beaten at the battle of Dien Bien Phu on May 7th, 1954. The French Expeditionary Force tried to prevent the Viet Minh from entering Laos and Dien Bien Phu was the place chosen to do so. The French were not very careful and this allowed the Viet Minh to cut off their airway to Hanoi. After a siege that had lasted for fifty - five days, the French surrendered. Ho Chi Minh led the war against France and won. After the war there was a conference in Geneva where Vietnam was divided into two parts along the seventeenth parallel. North Vietnam was mainly Communist and supported Ho Chi Minh, while the south was supported by the United States and the French were based there. There was still some Communist rebels within South Vietnam. These were the Viet Cong. The South Vietnam ruler was Ngo Dinh Diem who was anti - Communist. At the conference, Laos and Cambodia became independent states. North Vietnam wished to unify North and South Vietnam through military force. Since the United States feared the spread of communism in Asia, John F. Kennedy provided economic and military aid to South Vietman to prevent the takeover by North Vietnam. At this time, this was still a civil war. The United States were not yet officially involved. The North Vietnamese resented the little inte... Free Essays on Vietnam Vietnam- Roots of a Conflict Today in society the topic of the Vietnam conflict is still greatly talked about. It is still disputed the reasons for America being involved and the reasons for the conflict period. The intend of this paper is to determine the roots of this conflict and answer the questions of the reason for the conflict and the reason America became involved to point that they did, and then highlight the major events of the war to show it in a larger different view then just another war. From the 1880’s until World War II, France had governed Vietnam as part of French Indochina, which also included Cambodia and Laos. In 1940 Japanese troops invaded and occupied French Indochina. In December of that year, Vietnamese nationalists established the League for the Independence of Vietnam, or Viet Minh, seeing the upheaval of the war as an opportunity for resistance to French rule. The United States demanded that Japan leave Indochina, warning of military action. The Japanese refused . The Viet Minh began guerrilla warfare against Japan and entered an effective alliance with the United States. The United States sent supplies and trained men and sent their â€Å"flying Tigers† ( a volunteer group of American Pilots fighting in China) on raids over Vietnam in aid of the Viet Minh. Ho Chi Minh was the principal leader of the Viet Minh.. American were sent to Vietnam during the second World War to help train Ho Chi Minh and his troops to effetely resist the Japanese troops occuping his land. When the Japanese signed their formal surrender in 1945, Ho Chi Minh used the occasion to declare the independence of Vietnam, which he called the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. The French refused to acknowledge Vietnam’s independence, and later that year drove the Viet Minh into the north of the country. Ho Chi Minh wrote letters to President Truman, asking him to recognize Vietnam’s indep... Free Essays on Vietnam To begin with, Vietnam had been undergoing a protracted struggle for independence since before World War II and had sustained this struggle militarily and politically against the French empire, the Japanese empire, and then after 1945 the French empire again. By 1954, at the epic battle of Dien Bien Phu, the forces of Ho Chi Minh and Gen. Giap had effectively decided matters on the battlefield, and President Eisenhower himself had conceded that Ho would have won any possible all-Vietnamese election. The distortions of the Cold War led the United States to take over where French colonialism had left off, to assist in partitioning the country, and to undertake a war that had already been lost. Whatever the monstrosities of Asian communism may have been, Ho Chi Minh based his declaration of Vietnamese independence on a direct emulation of the words of Thomas Jefferson and was able to attract many non-Marxist nationalists to his camp. He had, moreover, been an ally of the West in the war against Japan. Nothing under this heading can be said of the Iraqi Baathists or jihadists, who are descended from those who angrily took the other side in the war against the Axis, and who opposed elections on principle. If today's Iraqi "insurgents" have any analogue at all in Southeast Asia it would be the Khmer Rouge. Vietnam as a state had not invaded any neighbor (even if it did infringe the neutrality of Cambodia) and did not do so until after the withdrawal of the United States when, with at least some claim to self-defense, it overthrew the Khmer Rouge regime. Contrast this, even briefly, to the record of Saddam Hussein in relation to Iran and Kuwait. Vietnam had not languished under international sanctions for its brazen contempt for international law, nor for its building or acquisition, let alone its use of, weapons of mass destruction. Vietnam had never attempted, in whole or in part, to commit genocide, as was the case with the doc...

The Winning Goal essays

The Winning Goal essays After a difficult combat season the varsity soccer team played their last game before districts. The game determined if the team went to districts and if they did win, what they would rank. For a school known exclusively for academics we wanted to shine. The scoreboard glowed with the tie score of one to one after a 90-minute game leaving both teams exhausted and anxious at the same time. We stopped for a five-minute break while our goalie powdered her gloves and got ready to go back into the goal. Penalty Kicks, although nerve wrecking, would reveal the final winner. Coach Bayles picked five girls to take the kicks; the outcome of the game depended on them. Kicker one-leslie, Kicker two-Maria, Kicker three- Melissa... as my coach called out names my stomach tightened. My heart came up to my throat and I did not want to set my sight on him for fear he would pick me. I did not want to cause the loss for my team. My legs fidgeted nervously as I starred down at my cleats digging into the ground. When I heard my name my whole stomach turned upside down; I felt nauseous. The five selected players stood up and walked toward the midfield. We sat down quietly with out speaking until it came our turn to kick, rotating off with the opposing team. The opposing teams first two players scored and so did ours. Two to two, a good start, until unfortunately they made their third kick and we missed ours. Two to three, the South Ridge coach yelled from the sideline, We have this girls. I remember looking back toward the bench where the rest of our team sat holding hands. Both our coaches stood leaning on the orange water jug with their large cups of water for their extra dry cotton throats. The reaction resulted from the excessive screaming during the game and at this point their nerves kept them immobile and silent. The other players remained silent also. No one carried conversations ...

International Marketing Plan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

International Marketing Plan - Research Paper Example Thus an ice-cream brand for high-income consumers seems apparently senseless. The other two variables left would be benefits sought and age group. The target market for this ice-cream is adults above 30 who have children. This means this market indirectly targets the bulk of the population as the thirty year olds are likely to pass on the ice-cream to their children and to adults in the house The kind of marketing segmentation strategy that will be used would be undifferentiated market segmentation strategy. Undifferentiated marketing strategy is one in which the company ignores all the segments in the market and appeals to the market with a single basic product. While a focus market could be defined for instance premium ice-cream, but that won’t be wise at this stage as this is not a known company and is just a startup. It will confine the analysis and will restrict us from selling to all price-categories. (Kotler, 2008) Qs 2: Competitive Analysis In Argentina most ice-cream parlors are opting for 250g pots today. Instead of sharing a 1 kg pot, consumers tend to opt for their preferred choice. Nestle had for long been the market leader in ice-cream in Argentina. Its retail value share stood at 15% as of 2009.Nestle’s huge distribution network has been the primary reason behind its success and it continues to attract significant brand loyalty. The two primary competitors that we will face would be in Buenos Aries – Grido Helado and Un Altra Volta. Grido Helado offers a wide range of flavors of ice cream from Vanilla to Flan to pine-apple ice-cream. The company currently has 9 stores operating in Buenos Aires and that’s where we will be marketing too. Their ice-cream is pretty moderately priced. We will also be facing stiff competition from Freddo. Their brand is cheaply priced and their cheapest ice-cream is available at 6 USD. The competition in the market is intense and tough. The ice cream market in Argentina is definitely competi tive and lustrous. Not only are the Argentine people known for their excellent high grade beef and wine but they are also renowned for their delicious ice cream and gelato products available. Price is also a threat that Dipping Dots might face after the craze has drown from the initial grand openings. Ice cream in Buenos Aires ranges from $1 to $4.5 in exclusive ice cream shops. The medium price for Dipping Dots ice cream is between $3.50 for a small dish. This might be a barrier for low income folks in Buenos Aires. Another threat they might face might entail with copy cats later on, since the product is so unique there is also not a particular patent preventing anyone else from copying the distinguished ice cream dots it is so famous for taking away its truly unique quality. Qs 3 Marketing Objectives: To slowly and gradually build the market share to 10% at least towards the end of the second year. Create awareness about Dipping dots by conducting low-cost promotional activities. Since our target audience comprises of thirty plus adults of who use internet as a medium of communication, information, etc, we are creating awareness for our product by placing ads on free classifieds sites, by making commercials and placing them on free video submission site. Moreover, social networks such as Facebook and twitter are used to spread the message across. Capitalize on the opportunities available in Argentina and churn out varied flavors of the ice-cream

Christianity in Japan Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Christianity in Japan - Term Paper Example Missionaries who enter the nation appear to be unaware of this reality, so many of them may continue to use similar strategies applied in non-Japanese cultures. Their failure to take into account the perspectives and inclinations of the people of Japan may explain why so few Christians exist in the country and why the church has grown by only minuscule levels in this part of the world. In the early seventeenth century, Japan underwent a unification process in which they created a politically stable system for over 200 years. This need for stabilization came after prolonged periods of civil strife starting from the 12th to the 16th century under the leadership of the shogun, which was a military governor. The shogun was a representative of the Japanese emperor and had much political power; in fact, many argue that the emperor was a mere symbol as the real ruler was the shogun. The shogun also had retainers who got property and political control for offering military services, but this arrangement would prove to be ineffective as the two parties often conflicted amongst themselves. By the 16th century, it became clear that the system was unsustainable as it led people to enter into war amongst themselves (Reader 39). This civil war led political leaders to seek unification among various states through the efforts of military representatives; the process would lead to a series of social and cultural processes as well. The remaining chieftain in 1600 to 1616 was known as Tokugawa bakufu - a temporary military government – that had shoguns. These shoguns wanted to prevent civil war using the daimyo who were strong property owners found throughout the country. Daimyo also had their own schools, judiciary and military representatives within their territories; several of them worked on expanding their economies by foreign relationships with foreigners. They acquired the skill of weapons manufacture from European travelers and purchased firearms as well